Database is a collection of inter-related data which helps in efficient retrieval, insertion and deletion of data from database and organizes the data in the form of tables, views, schemas, reports etc.
We can break it like this DBMS = Database + Management System.
Database Management System (DBMS) is used to optimize and manage the storage and retrieval of data from databases. DBMS offers a systematic approach to manage databases and workloads accessing the databases.
What is the need of DBMS ?
Database systems are basically developed for large amount of data. When dealing with huge amount of data, there are two things that require optimization: Storage of data and retrieval of data.
Traditional or file system may have these following issues:
- Redundancy of data
- Inconsistency of Data
- Difficult Data Access
- Unauthorized Access
- No Concurrent Access
- No Backup and Recovery
These issues is avoided using DBMS.
Characteristics of DBMS :
A modern DBMS has the following characteristics :
- Less redundancy –
DBMS follows the rules of normalization which is a mathematically rich and scientific process that reduces data redundancy. - Consistency –
DBMS helps to achieve consistency as compared to earlier forms of data storing applications like file-processing systems. - Query Language –
It is more efficient to retrieve and manipulate data. Traditionally it was not possible where file-processing system was used. - Isolation of data and application –
DBMS also stores metadata, which is data about data, to ease its own process. - Relation-based tables –
DBMS allows entities and relations among them to form tables. - Multiuser and Concurrent Access –
DBMS supports multi-user environment and allows them to access and manipulate data in parallel. - ACID Properties –
DBMS follows the concepts transactions, i.e., ACID properties : Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. - Multiple views –
DBMS offers multiple views for different users for same table or group of tables. - Security –
DBMS offers many different levels of security features, which enables multiple users to have different views with different features.
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