A network consists of two or more nodes (e.g. computers) that are linked in order to share resources (such as printers and CDs), exchange files, or allow electronic communications. The computers on a network may be linked through cables, telephone lines, radio waves, satellites, or infrared light beams.
Networking Elements :
The computer network includes the following networking elements:
- At least two computers
- Transmission medium either wired or wireless
- Protocols or rules that govern the communication
- Network software such as Network Operating System
Network Goals :
The main goals of network as follows.
- Cost reduction by sharing hardware & software resources.
- High reliability by having multiple sources of supply.
- Greater flexibility because of possibility to connect devices.
- Increase productivity by making it easier to access data by the several users.
- Another goal is to increase the systems performance, as the work load increases, by just adding more processors.
- Computer networks provide a powerful communication medium.
Network Application :
Some of the network applications in different fields are the following :
- Marketing and sales
- Financial services
- Manufacturing. CAD, CAM etc.
- Information services
- Cellular telephone
- Cable television
- Teleconferencing
- EDI
- E-mail etc.
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